Filter Design and Optimization
Heuristic optimization of multiplierless decimation filter for multi-standard wireless applications
This research introduces an efficient, reconfigurable multiplier-less decimation filter designed for multi-standard wireless applications, specifically targeting IEEE 802.11g/n/ac/ax. The filter architecture integrates cascaded integrator comb (CIC), polyphase, and half-band filters, optimized with high-speed adders. A novel polynomial function is employed to significantly enhance passband and stopband performance compared to existing designs. Implemented on Xilinx Kintex 7 FPGAs, the proposed design, particularly when utilizing the Han Carlson Adder (HCA), achieves substantial reductions: 46.38% in LUTs, 36.93% in path delay, and 85.39% in power consumption compared to prior work. The design's flexibility, enabled by a control switch, allows it to adapt to various IEEE 802.11 standards, demonstrating superior performance metrics across the board.
Executive Impact
The paper details the heuristic optimization of a multiplier-less decimation filter for multi-standard wireless applications. It leverages cascaded integrator comb (CIC), polyphase, and half-band filters, enhanced with high-speed adders and a novel polynomial function for superior frequency response. The architecture is reconfigurable via a control switch to support IEEE 802.11g/n/ac/ax standards. Performance evaluation on Xilinx Kintex 7 FPGA shows significant improvements in LUTs, path delay, and power consumption, especially with Han Carlson Adders (HCA). The study also includes a comprehensive spectral analysis for all supported standards, confirming the filter's efficacy and efficiency.
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LUTs Reduction
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Path Delay Reduction
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Power Consumption Reduction
Deep Analysis & Enterprise Applications
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46.38%
Minimization in LUTs (HCA)
17.87%
Passband Droop Reduction (Polyphase)
Enterprise Process Flow
2.4 GHz Input Signal
→
Control Switch (0)
→
CIC Filter (Decimation Rate 3)
→
800 MHz Output (IEEE 802.11ac)
Signal Processing Flow for IEEE 802.11n
16-bit Samples (2.4 GHz)
→
Desensitized Half-Band Filter (Decimation Factor 2)
→
1.2 GHz Output
→
Polyphase Filter (Decimation Rate 4)
→
300 MHz Output (IEEE 802.11n)
| Comparison Metric | Existing Filter [22] | Proposed HCA Filter |
|---|---|---|
| LUTs Reduction | Baseline | 46.38% Reduction |
| Path Delay Reduction | Baseline | 36.93% Reduction |
| Power Consumption Reduction | Baseline | 85.39% Reduction |
| Metric | Existing Work [22] | Existing Work [32] | Proposed Decimation Filter (HCA) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy/s (nJ/s) | 8.09 | 54.6 | 0.042-0.112 (depending on standard) |
| Area/MHz (LUTs/MHz) | 10.8 | 12.05 | 10.06 |
| Throughput/W (Gs/W) | 0.124 | 0.018 | 8.93-23.8 (depending on standard) |
HCA Adder: Optimal Performance Across Metrics
The analysis demonstrates that among all parallel prefix adders, the proposed decimation filter utilizing the HCA outperforms in every aspect, including LUT count, power consumption, and path delay. This makes HCA the preferred choice for this specific application, yielding significant gains in efficiency and resource utilization. Implementing HCA leads to a 25.36% reduction in LUTs, 24.75% reduction in delay, and 40.46% reduction in power consumption compared to existing CIC designs utilizing different adders.
Reconfigurable Architecture for Multi-Standard Support
The proposed decimation filter's innovative design incorporates a control switch that dynamically adjusts the filter configuration to meet the requirements of various IEEE 802.11 standards (g/n/ac/ax). This reconfigurability eliminates the need for multiple dedicated filters, thereby reducing overall chip area and power consumption, a crucial advantage for multi-standard wireless applications.
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